Metabolomic fingerprinting of dialysis patients for early detection of vascular calcification

Abstract

Vascular calcification (VC) is one of the dreaded long-term dialysis complications. Its effect on cardiac morbidity and mortality is still appalling and sadly undervalued. The inefficiency and absence of modern methods of diagnosis are also illogical reasons for the distress of the health system. It implies distressing the potential opportunity cost by early diagnosis. The research aimed to alleviate pain in patients with VC and dialysis by targeting early diagnosis using new metabolomic techniques. The samples and serum samples following LCM were gathered, normalized, and established by pre-treatment multivariate statistical methods of principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The metabolic profiles of VC patients and non-VC patients exhibited typical patterns. Apart from that, understanding precisely which biomarkers it utilized actually had proper diagnostic accuracy because it is noted in sensitivity, specificity, and AUC results. It was found that metabolomic fingerprinting is a potent tool, which consequently implies that the current invasive diagnostic methods for VC in dialysis patients must be put on the shelf in favor of a less invasive technique. It is also recommended as a second tool to complement the pre- and post-diagnosis reaction to the VC.